Arabic Letters Chart For Kids and Beginners

This is the starting point of the Arabic Letters Chart, and you can know all the letters and pronounce them correctly. The chart is the opening to a world of spiritual and intellectual development as a beginner or educating your child. You can Speak Arabic fluently with it!

Introduction To The Arabic Letters Chart

Then there is no need to be afraid that you are new to it. Your first step is the Arabic Letters Chart, and it is blessed.

Must Read: Arabic Alphabets Handwriting Worksheets

Learn Arabic Letters Chart

Arabic Letter	Name	Pronunciation Guide	English Equivalent (Approx.)
أ	Alif	Aa (as in apple)	Long a or glottal stop
ب	Ba’	B (as in bat)	b
ت	Ta’	T (as in top)	t
ث	Tha’	Th (as in think)	th (soft)
ج	Jeem	J (as in jam)	j
ح	Haa’	Deep h, breathy	No exact English sound
خ	Khaa’	Harsh kh (throaty)	Like Bach in German
د	Dal	D (as in dog)	d
ذ	Dhal	Th (as in this)	th (hard)
ر	Ra’	Rolled r	Flipped r
ز	Zay	Z (as in zoo)	z
س	Seen	S (as in sun)	s
ش	Sheen	Sh (as in ship)	sh
ص	Saad	Heavy s	Stronger s
ض	Daad	Heavy d (unique)	No English equivalent
ط	Taa’	Heavy t	Emphatic t
ظ	Zaa’	Heavy z or th	Like the but stronger
ع	‘Ayn	Deep throat sound	No English equivalent
غ	Ghayn	Throaty gh	Like French r or gh
ف	Fa’	F (as in fun)	f
ق	Qaf	Deep q, back of throat	No exact English sound
ك	Kaf	K (as in kite)	k
ل	Lam	L (as in love)	l
م	Meem	M (as in moon)	m
ن	Noon	N (as in net)	n
هـ	Ha’	Soft h (as in hat)	h
و	Waw	W (as in wow)	w or long oo
ي	Ya’	Y (as in yes)	y or long ee

28 Letters with Multiple Forms

The Arabic alphabet has 28 letters and the interesting thing is that most of the letters vary in their shape depending on the place they find in a word. Each letter can be written in:

Isolated form
Beginning form
Middle form
End form.

On one case, in any of those positions, the letter baa ( ب ) appears a little bit different, however, when you master the chart of Arabic letters, you will easily see the pattern. This aspect gives the Arabic language a flowing nature when it is written resembling the calligraphy.

In a case where the chart of the Arabic letters decides how to read Arabic, vowels, and diacritic are the clues that direct your reading. It is these small marks, the so-called harakat, which make sounds alive where Arabic letters characterize consonants..

Must Read: Learn Arabic Alphabets – QuranMualim

Let’s explore the main categories!

Short Vowels (Harakat)

Arabic has three short vowels and they are not represented by writing, but by small diacritical marks located either above or below the consonants. These marks are so essential especially to individuals who are taught using the chart of Arabic letters. Fatha ( َ )

A small diagonal stroke above the letter.
Sounds like a short “a” in apple.
Example: بَ = Ba

Kasra ( ِ )

A small diagonal stroke under the letter.
Sounds like a short “i” as in bit.
Example: بِ = bi

Damma ( ُ )

A small loop-like symbol above the letter.
Sounds like a short “u” as in put.
Example: بُ = bu

These short vowels help you pronounce each letter correctly.

2. Sukoon ( ْ ) – The Silent Marks

The Sukoon is a small circle that is overlaid over a letter. It indicates the letter to be silent, or to have none of the vowels–so the sound is arrested there, you will see it in the table of Arabic letters.

Example: بْ = b (no vowel sound)
It’s useful in Qur’an recitation and tajweed.

3. Shadda ( ّ ) – The Double Sound Marks

The Shadda is an insignificant w above the Arabic letter. The Arabic letter chart makes you see that there is the doubling of the consonant sound.

Example: بّ = “bb”
In the letter Rabb (رَبّ), the Shadda on the ب
With vowels added, it can be written as Examples:
بَّ (bba), بِّ (bbi), بُّ (bbu)

Master Fus-ha Arabic with easy steps!

4. Tanween (Double Vowels)

Tanween are double vowel symbols in Arabic Lanhuage that are written at the end of indefinite nouns. They sound like “an,” “in,” or “un.”

Fathatain ( ً ) = -an → بًا
Kasratain ( ٍ ) = -in → بِ
Dammatain ( ٌ ) = -un → بٌ

Must Read: Learn Arabic Alphabet Chart – QuranMualim

Arabic Vowels & Diacritics Table (with Letter ب)

Here is the chart of Arabic letters showing the letter Baa:

Vowel/Diacritic	Arabic Symbol	Pronunciation	Example with ب	Sound
Fatha	َ	Short “a”	بَ	ba
Kasra	ِ	Short “i”	بِ	bi
Damma	ُ	Short “u”	بُ	bu
Sukoon	ْ	No vowel	بْ	Just b
Shadda	ّ	Double consonant	بّ	bb
Shadda + Fatha	ّ + َ	Double “a” sound	بَّ	bba
Shadda + Kasra	ّ + ِ	Double “i” sound	بِّ	bbi
Shadda + Damma	ّ + ُ	Double “u” sound	بُّ	bbu
Fathatain	ً	“an” sound	بً	ban
Kasratain	ٍ	“in” sound	بٍ	bin
Dammatain	ٌ	“un” sound	بٌ	bun

Must Read: Best Quranic Arabic Course – QuranMualim

Conclusion

The Arabic alphabet might be challenging to learn but with a good chart of the Arabic letters, their shape, sounds, and the usage of the vowels can be very easy to learn.

Every letter has its beauty, meaning and depth particularly when it is used in reading the Quran. Get a Free Consultation session With QuranMualim and start studying! WhatsApp+923017363500