Arabic verbs | Types of Verbs: Past, Present and Imperative

You’ll be very Glad to know that here we will learn about verb tenses in Arabic, when compared to other languages i.e. Urdu, Hindi, Persian, English, Russian, are fairly straightforward. Basically, There are two proper form of Verb in Arabic: the past and the present.

Verb Definition:

Verb is a important part of speech that refers to something happening. There are many forms of Root Verbs that can be studied in light of the following:

(1) Verb Type نوع الفعل: A verb falls into two categories;

متصرف : Declinable Verbs have many
Indeclinable جامد: Indeclinable Verbs have ONE form.

(2) Verb Tense الزمن: The Verb Tense depends on which tense it is. There are Two main tenses in Arabic Past Tense and Present Tense :

Past Tense الماضي: A verb which refers to a finished action in the past tense.
Present Tense المضارع: A verb which refers to an unfinished action at present tense
Imperative الأمر: Imperative verb that refers to a request or a command.

(3) Verb Health صحة الفعل: Verb Health- Root verbs can be:

Healthy صحيح: Healthy Verbs don’t have any sick letters in their root.

Healthy Verbs have three Forms:

Mahmooz مهموز: Mahmooz Verbs that have a Hamza (أ ) in their stem.
Doubled مضعّف: Doubled Verbs that have a doubled

iii. Sound سالم: Sound Verbs that don’t have a Hamza

Unhealthy (Sick) معتل : Unhealthy Verbs that have one or two sick letters in their stem.

The sick Three Sick letters are (و), (ا) , (ى ): Unhealthy verbs have 3 types;

Mithaal مثال: Mithaal is the first unhealthy letter of the verb; e.g. وعد = promised
Agwaf أجوف: Agwaf is the second unhealthy letter of the Verb; e.g. قال = said
Naaqis ناقص : Naaqis ناقص the last unhealthy letter of the Verb; e.g. بنىَ = built

(4) Verb effect أثر الفعل: Verb effect have two categories according to their effect.

Transitive متعدى : Transitive is the verb that takes object and affects its object(s).
Intransitive لازم : Intransitive verb that do not take an object and affects only its subject.

(5) Verb Voice: Verbs can be:

Active مبنى للمعلوم: Active verb have a clear subject.
Passive مبنى للمجهول: Passive verb have a vague or unmentioned subject.

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Verb Voice

English	Arabic	English	Arabic
To love in Arabic	أحب	To go in Arabic	ذهب
To eat in Arabic	أكل	To work in Arabic	عمل
To help in Arabic	ساعد	To play in Arabic	لعب
To give in Arabic	أعطى	To travel in Arabic	سافر
To like in Arabic	أحب	To drink in Arabic	شرب
To call in Arabic	اتصل	to wait	انتظر – ينتظر (انتظار)
To call in Arabic (by voice)	نادى	To leave in Arabic	ترك
To drive in Arabic	ساق	To write in Arabic	كتب
To listen in Arabic	سمع	To sleep in Arabic	نام
To walk in Arabic	مشى	To meet in Arabic	قابل
To want in Arabic	أراد	To bring in Arabic	جلب
Arabic basic verbs	(أفعال أساسية)	to do; to make	فعل – يفعل (فعل)
to work	عمل – يعمل (عمل)	to bring	أحضر – يحضر (احضار)
to take	أخذ – يأخذ (أخذ)	to put	وضع – يضع (وضع)
to become	أصبح – يصبح (اصباح)	to walk	مشى – يمشي (مشي)
to run	جرى – يجري (جري)	to come	جاء – يجئ (جيئة)
to sit	جلس – يجلس (جلوس)	to cook	طبخ – يطبخ (طبخ)
to eat	أكل – يأكل (أكل)	to drink	شرب – يشرب (شرب)
to wake up	صحى – يصحو (صحو)	to sleep	نام – ينام (نوم)
to clean	نظّف – ينظّف (تنظيف)	to study	درس – يدرس (دراسة)
to understand	فهم – يفهم (فهم)	to know	عرف – يعرف (معرفة)
to remember	تذكر – يتذكر (تذكر)	to try, test (s.t)	جرّب – يجرّب (تجريب)
to forget	نسي – ينسى (نسي)	to describe	وصف – يصف (وصف)
to try, attempt to do	حاول – يحاول (محاولة) أن	to be able to do	قدر – يقدر (قدرة) أن
to read	قرأ – يقرأ (قراءة)	to write	كتب – يكتب (كتابة)
to translate	ترجم – يترجم (ترجمة)	to say, tell	قال – يقول (قول)
to reply, answer (to)	أجاب – يجيب (اجابة) على	to thank	شكر – يشكر (شكر)
to complain (about)	شكى – يشكو (شكوى) من	to promise	وعد – يعد (وعد) بـ
to see	رأى – يرى (رؤية)	to look at	نظر – ينظر (نظر) إلى
to look for	بحث – يبحث (بحث) عن	to find	وجد – يجد (وجود)
to happen	حدث – يحدث (حدوث)	to watch	شاهد – يشاهد (مشاهدة)
to listen to	استمع – يستمع (استماع) إلى	to give	أعطى – يعطي (اعطاء)
to carry	حمل – يحمل (حمل)	to love	أحبّ – يحبّ (حبّ)
to be born	وُلد – يُولد (ولادة)	to pass away	توفّي – يتوفي (وفاة)

Please Check our list of basic Arabic verbs

Arabic verb has only 2 times Perfect and imperfect, but there is a difference between two categories, the Arabs Although look at the aspect of a verb meaning The Arabs ask is the action finished or not Of course a finished action tells us with the past Tense and unfinished tells us action with the present, but not necessarily so. Some examples:

Arabic verb

Important English Verbs	Important Arabic Verbs	Important English Verbs	Important Arabic Verbs
Verbs	الْأَفْعَال	I spoke	تَحَدَّثْت –
Past	الْمَاضِي –	I wrote	كُتِبَت –
I drove	قُدَّت	I loved	كُنْت أُحِب
I gave	أَعْطَيْت	I smiled	ابْتَسَمَت
I took	أَخَذَت	he spoke	تُحَدِّث
he wrote	كُتِب	he drove	قَاد
he loved	احِب	he gave	قَدِم
he smiled	ابْتَسِم	he took	اخَذ
we spoke	تَكَلَّمْنَا	we wrote	كَتَبْنَا
we drove	قُدْنَا	we loved	أَحْبَبْنَا
we gave	أُعْطِيَنَا	we smiled	ابْتَسَمْنَا
we took	اخَذْنَا	Future	مُسْتَقْبِل
I will speak	سَوْف أَتَكَلَّم	I will write	سَوْف أَكْتُب
I will drive	سَوْف أَقُوْد	I will love	سَوْف أُحِب
I will give	سَوْف أُعْطِي	I will smile	سَوْف أَبَتَسِم –
I will take	سَوْف آَخِذ	he will speak	سَوْف يَتَحْدُث
he will write	سَوْف يَكْتُب	he will drive	سَوْف يَقُوْد
he will love	سَوْف يُحِب	he will give	سَوْف يُعْطِي
we will speak	سَوْف نَتَكَلَّم	we will write	سَوْف نَكْتُب
we will drive	سَوْف نُقُوْد	we will love	سَوْف نُحِب
we will give	سَوْف نُعْطَى	we will smile	سَوْف نَبَتَسِم
we will take	سَوْف نَأْخُذ	Present	الْحَالِي
I speak	أَنَا أَتَكَلَّم	I write	أَنَا أَكْتُب
I drive	أَنَا أَقُوْد	I love	انَا أَحَب
I give	اانا اعْطَى	I smile	انَا أَبْتِسِم
I take	انَا آَخِذ	he speaks	يَتَكَلَّم
he writes	يُكْتَب	he drives	يَقُوْد
he loves	يُحِب	he gives	يُعْطِي
he smiles	يَبْتَسِم	he takes	يَأْخُذ
we speak	نَحْن نَتَكَلَّم	we write	ذَحْن نَكْتُب
we drive	نَحْن نُقُوْد	we love	نَحْن نُحِب
we give	نَحْن نُعْطِي	we smile	نَحْن نَبْتَسِم
we take	نَحْن نَأْخُذ

Arabic verb has only 2 times Perfect and imperfect

List of Some Important Verbs in Arabic

Some conjugated Verbs in the present past and future in Arabic placed in a table. Learn by Heart this Verbs in Arabic table will help you add very useful and important words to your Arabic vocabulary.

Important Verbs in Arabic

English Verbs	Arabic Verbs	English Verbs	Arabic Verbs
I can accept that	يُمْكِن أَن أَقْبَلَه	she added it	وَأَضَافَت أَنَّه
we admit it	نَحْن نَعْتَرِف بِذَلِك	they advised him	وَأَشَارُوا عَلَيْه
I can agree with that	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن أَتَّفِق مَعَه	she allows it	انَهَا تَسْمَح لَهَا
we announce it	نُعْلِن ذَلِك	I can apologize	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن أَعْتَذِر
she appears today	يَبْدُو انَّهَا الْيَوْم	they arranged that	لَكِنَّهَا وَرُتِّبَت
I can arrive tomorrow	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن يَصِل غَدا	she can ask him	تَسْتَطِيْع أَن أَسْأَلَه
she attaches that	انَهَا تُعَلِّق عَلَيْه	we attack them	نَحْن نْهَاجَمِهُم
they avoid her	يَتَجَنَّبُون لَهَا	I can bake it	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن خَبَز
she is like him	فَهِي مِثْلِه	we beat it	فَاز نَحْن عَلَيْه
they became happy	أَصْبَحُوْا سَعِيْد	I can begin that	يُمْكِنُنِي تَشْغِيْلَه
we borrowed money	نَحْن اقْتَرَضَت الْمَال	they breathe air	تَتَنَفَّس الْهَوَاء
I can bring it	لَا أَسْتَطِيْع جَعَلَه	I can build that	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن نَبْنِي عَلَيْه
she buys food	انَهَا تَشْتَرِي الْمَوَاد الْغِذَائِيَّة	we calculate it	نَحْسُب أَنَّه
they carry it	انَهَا تَحْمِلُه	they don’t cheat	انَّهُم لَا خِدَاع
she chooses him	اخْتَارَت لَه	we close it	نَحْن إِغْلَاقَه
he comes here	يَأْتِي هُنَا	I can compare that	يُمْكِنُنِي مُقَارَنَتُهَا
she competes with me	انَهَا تَتَنَافَس مَع لِّي	we complain about it	نَحْن نَشْكُو مِنْهَا
they continued reading	أَنَّهَا وَاصَلَت الْقِرَاءَة	he cried about that	صَرَخ عَن ذَلِك
I can decide now	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن تُقَرِّر الْآَن	she described it to me	وَوُصِفَت لِي
we disagree about it	نَخْتَلِف حَوْل هَذَا الْمَوْضُوْع	they disappeared quickly	اخْتِفَائِهَا بِسُرْعَة
I discovered that	اكْتُشِفَت أَنَّهَا	she dislikes that	انَّهَا لَا تُحِب أَن
we do it	نَحْن نَفْعَل ذَلِك	they dream about it	يَحْلُمُون عَن ذَلِك
they dream about it	يَحْلُمُون عَن ذَلِك	I earned	حَصَل لِي ذَلِك
he eats a lot	انَّه يَأْكُل الْكَثِير	we enjoyed that	اسْتَمْتَعْنَا ذَلِك
they entered here	دَخَلُوْا هُنَا	he escaped that	هَرَب هُو
I can explain that	لَا أَسْتَطِيْع شَرْح ذَلِك	she feels that too	تَشْعُر أَنَّهَا أَيْضا
we fled from there	هَرَبْنَا مِن هُنَاك	they will fly tomorrow	سَوْف يَطِيْر غَدا
I can follow you	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن تُتْبِع لَكُم	she forgot me	نَسِيْت مِنِّي
we forgive him	نَحْن يَغْفِر لَه	I can give her that	يُمْكِن أَن أُعْطِيَهَا لَهَا
she goes there	تَذْهَب هُنَاك	we greeted them	اسْتَقْبَل وَنَحْن مِنْهُم
I hate that	أَكْرَهُه	I can hear it	وَيُمْكِنُنِي أَن تَسْمَعَه
she imagine that	يُتَصَوَّر أَنَّهَا كَانَت	we invited them	دَعَوْنَا لَهُم
I know him	أَنَا أَعْرِفُه	we leave now	نَّتْرُك الْآَن
she learned it	تَعَلَّمْت أَنَّه	they lied about him	كَذَّب عَنْه
she lost that	انَهَا خَسِرَت	we made it yesterday	الَّتِي قَطَّعْنَاهَا عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا أَمْس
they met him	اجْتَمَعُوْا لَه	I misspell that	أَنَا كِتَابَتِهَا أَنَّهَا
I always pray	أُصَلِّي دَائِمَا	she prefers that	انَهَا تُفَضِّل ذَلِك
we protected them	مَحْمِيَّة نَحْن مِنْهُم	they will punish her	سَوْف مُعَاقَبَتَهَا
we received that	تَلْقِيْنَا ذَلِك	they refuse to talk	رَفَضُوْا الْتَّحَدُّث
I remember that	أَتَذَكَّرُهَا	she repeats that	انَهَا تُكَرِّر ذَلِك
we see it	نَرَاه	they sell it	تَبِيْعُهَا
I sent that yesterday	أُرْسِلْت بِالْأَمْس	he shaved his beard	انَّه حِلَق لِحْيَتِه
it shrunk quickly	انَهَا تَقَلَّصَت بِسُرْعَة	we will sing it	سَنَقُوْم غِنَائِهَا
they sat there	جَلَسُوْا هُنَاك	I can speak it	لَا أَسْتَطِيْع الْتَّحَدُّث بِهَا
she spends money	إِنَّهَا تُنْفِق الْمَال	we suffered from that	عَانَيْنَا مِنْه
they suggest that	فَهِي تُوْحِي أَنَّهَا	I surprised him	فُوُجِئْت بِه
she took that	وَقَالَت إِنَّهَا	we teach it	نَحْن نَعْلَم أَنَّه
they told us	قَالُوْا لَنَا	she thanked him	شَكَرْت لَه
I can think about it	لَا أَسْتَطِيْع الْتَّفْكِيْر فِي الْامْر	she threw it	أَلْقَى قَالَت إِنَّهَا
we understand that	نَفْهَم	they want that	كَانُوْا يُرِيْدُوْن ذَلِك
I can wear it	َا أَسْتَطِيْع ارْتِدَاء الْحِجَاب	she writes that	وَقَالَت انَهَا تَكْتُب عَلَيْه
we talk about it	نَتَحَّدَث عَن ذَلِك	they have it	لَدَيْهِم عَلَيْه
I watched it	شَاهَدْت ذَلِك	I will talk about it	وَأَنَا أَرْقُص مَعَك
he bought that yesterday	اشْتَرَى امْس انَهَا	we finished it	انْتَهَيْنَا ذَلِك

Verbs in Arabic table will help you add very useful and important words to your Arabic vocabulary.

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